согласование времен
согласование времен
- SEQUENCE OF TENSES: СОГЛАСОВАНИЕ ВРЕМЕ. согласование времен
173.1. В отличии от русского языка, в котором нет согласования времен, в английском языке, если главная часть (та, что идет сначала) имеет окончание –ed или идет во второй форме, то придаточная часть (та, что идет после гланой) не может идти в настоящем времени – ни в одной из его разновидностей, и не может содержать модальные глаголы will, can, may. То есть, в придаточной части предложения нельзя употреблять: has, have, am, are, is, -s/es, а также глагол в первой форме, если без would, could, might. Мы не можем сказать:
He said that he learns English.
He said that he has learned English.
He said that he will learn English.
He said that he can learn English.
He said that he would may English.
173.2. В английском языке, если главная часть (та, что идет сначала) имеет окончание –ed или идет во второй форме, то придаточная часть (та, что идет после гланой) тоже должна идти в прошедшем времени –в какой-либо одной из его разновидностей.
173.2.1. Если второе предложение одновременно с первым, глагол во втором предложение имеет окончание –ed или идет во второй форме, если он неправильный.
Он сказал, что он учит английский язык.
He said that he learned English.
173.2.2. Если второе предложение предшествует первому, во втором предложении после подлежащего идет had, а глагол имеет окончание –ed или идет в третьей форме, если он неправильный.
Он сказал, что он учил английский язык.
He said that he had learned English.
173.2.3. Если второе предложение является будущим по отношению к первому, во втором предложение употребляется would (или could, might), а глагол после него идет в первой форме.
Он сказал, что он будет учить английский язык.
He said that he would learn English.
Тесты на закрепление темы Согласование Времён для того, чтобы подтянуть английский ребенку.
- Your father said you ———–ask for that.
(a) would
(b) will
(c) can
(d) may
- Sir Richard said “extraordinary weather” in August, September and October ———sales below last year.
(A) will produce
(B) produced
(C) have produced
(D) produce
- Miller estimated that Norrel’s flat-tax bill ————–no longer be deductible.
(A) jump 60%, partly because employee benefits would
(B) would jump 60%, partly because employee benefits would
(C) will jump 60%, partly because employee benefits would
(D) would jump 60%, partly because employee benefits will
- One economist said funds ————-L681 Bn from equities in October, L654 Bn in September and L384 Bn in August.
(A) have withdrawn
(B) withdrew
(C) will withdraw
(D) withdraw
- I told you that I ——–scared spitlee.
(А) am
(B) were
(C) was
(D) have been
- Toby knew he ——-going to be rich and famous.
(А) has been
(B) was
(C) were
(D) is
- Above all, you believed (Lucia told several of us) that Renshaw ———back in a day or two.
(A) will be
(B) can be
(C) would be
(D) may be
- So I scoured the papers and noticed that Olivetti ——–taking on young people to train them for sales positions.
(A) is
(B) has been
(C) were
(D) was
- She said that she ——–the head of the witch-cult.
(A) had
(B) were
(C) is
(D) was
- I knew when I————- taken.
(a) am
(b) had been
(c) has been
(d) have been
- But you said you————- me.
(a) love
(b) loved
(c) have loved
(d) loves
- They said the Japanese —————through the LA banks.
(a) were working
(b) are working
(c) was working
(d) have been working
- She answered that she ——–disturbed.
(a) not be
(b) was not
(c) is not
(d) be not
- I told you I———— a professional.
(a) was
(b) am
(c) were
(d) will be
- He guessed that his visit —————into some nameless dread.
(A) have tapped
(B) taps
(C) had tapped
(D) has tapped
- But I promised Roger I——— try to find him.
(A) would
(B) will
(C) –
(D) can
- Everyone knew Sergei ———with her.
(A) is
(B) was
(C) has been
(D) were
- In particular, she seemed concerned about what the girl ————–.
(A) had saying
(B) says
(C) has said
(D) had said
- I told the baron I ————–him.
(A) hadn’t trust
(B) haven’t trusted
(C) didn’t trust
(D) don’t trust
- I thought I———- my shingle outside my house in some small town.
(A) would hung
(B) had hang
(C) ‘d hung
(D) hang
- Perhaps you thought your age ————save you.
(A) would
(B) can
(C) will
(D) may
- I told them I————–you down.
(A) will bring
(B) ‘ve brought
(C) had bring
(D) would bring
- I thought you ———going to Ireland.
(A) were
(B) are
(C) was
(D) have been
- They thought she———- something to tell them.
(A) has
(B) had
(C) has had
(D) have
- After the horrors of the war, the nations of Europe hoped for peace and believed that it ———-be ensured by a United Europe.
(A) could
(B) may
(C) will
(D) can
- I knew it —————-an easy deal to swing.
(A) isn’t
(B) wasn’t
(C) hasn’t been
(D) weren’t
- The journalist realized that he ————–being offered the ring.
(A) was
(B) is
(C) were
(D) has been
- I said we ———–four men.
(A) needed
(B) need
(C) will need
(D) have needed
- I thought it——————.
(A) stops
(B) had stopped
(C) has been stopped
(D) has stopped
- You thought it ———-Richard.
(A) has been
(B) am
(C) was
(D) were
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